As defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, mitigation is to mitigate climate change and prevent it from deteriorating through human intervention to reduce emissions or promote the removal of greenhouse gases.

When climate scientists talk about “mitigation,” they mostly focus on fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas used to generate electricity and power cars, buses, and planes, because fossil fuels produce greenhouse gases that lead to global warming, including carbon dioxide. These gases, they remain in the atmosphere and lead to heat retention, which results in the heating of the planet.
Some of the ways to mitigate climate change include using solar and wind energy instead of coal or fossil fuel power plants, making buildings, electrical appliances and vehicles more energy efficient so that they use less electricity and fuel, and designing cities so that people have to Transportation drives shorter distances. Protecting forests and planting trees also helps, because trees absorb greenhouse gases from the atmosphere.

What is adaptation?

“Adaptation” is making changes to live with the effects of actual or projected climate change and deal with its effects in order to reduce damage or exploit beneficial opportunities. Finding ways to live with these threats, for example, the city of Los Angeles is planting thousands of trees to help people survive in a cooler climate, and coastal cities like Miami and other low-lying cities in the world may need seawalls to protect against flooding, and more “Adaptation” actions will be needed actions as climate change worsens over the years.